Chiricahua Apaches Children and Cultural Assimilation of Native Americans

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The first picture shows Chiricahua Apaches children as they arrived at Carlisle  Indian Industrial School from Fort Marion, Florida on Nov 4th, 1886

The second picture shows the same children 4 month later ...

Front row : Clement Seanilzay - Beatrice Kiahtel - Janette Pahgostatun - Margaret Y. Nadasthilah - Fred'k. Eskelsejah 

Second row : Humphrey Escharzy - Samson Noran - Basil Ekarden 

Third row : Hugh Chee - Bishop Eatennah - Ernest Hogee

Front row :  Humphrey Escharzy - Beatrice Kiahtel - Janette Pahgostatun - Bishop Eatennah

Second row : Ernest Hogee - Margaret Y. Nadasthilah - Basil Ekarden 

Third row : Hugh Chee - Fred'k. Eskelsejah - Clement Seanilzay- Samson Noran 

Once the new students arrived at The Carlisle Indian Industrial Boarding School, their lives altered drastically. They were usually given new haircuts, uniforms of European-American style clothes, and even new English names, sometimes based on their own, other times assigned at random. They could no longer speak their own languages, even with each other. They were expected to attend Christian churches. Their lives were run by the strict orders of their teachers, and it often included grueling chores and stiff punishments. Additionally, infectious disease was widespread in society, and often swept through the school. This was due to lack of information about causes and prevention, inadequate sanitation, insufficient funding for meals, overcrowded conditions, and students whose resistance was low.